Tool path planning for five-axis U-pass milling of an impeller

U-pass milling is a roughing method that combines the characteristics of flank with conventional trochoidal milling. The tool cuts in and out steadily, tool–workpiece wrap angle maintained within small range. This can smooth cutting force reduce peak while avoiding heat accumulation, which significantly improve processing efficiency wear. In this study, path model established for milling, characteristic parameters are defined. Through comparative test three-axis groove it demonstrated value average reduced by 25% 60%, respectively. An impeller runner considered as object, boundary pretreated. A tiling micro-arc mapping algorithm proposed, maps three-dimensional to two-dimensional parameter domain plane arc length coordinate axis, dimensionally contact point distribution form obtained. geometric position interference-free axis vector obtained calculating bidirectional proportional inverse any domain. Finally, calculation results nested into automatically programmed (APT) encoding form, feasibility five-axis planning verified through numerical example.